Indicators

The right data drives clear insights

An expert International Advisory Panel, convened under the auspices of COSA generated these universal indicators that are pragmatic, precise, and easy to adopt. They give farmers, managers and policymakers clarity while reducing data costs for the sector overall.

Proven Globally

These indicators are aligned by COSA with global norms such as international agreements, normative references, multilateral guidelines and the SDGs. They ensure comparability and benchmarking across regions or countries, making it easier to uncover performance and assess impact.

Cost of Production

  • Theme
  • Element
  • Indicator
  • Essential
  • Description

Cost of Production

  • Direct Costs
    Labor days

    Total days of paid and unpaid labor used to produce coffee

    Permanent labor

    Permanent labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Short-term labor

    Short-term labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Family labor

    Family labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Labor costs X

    Total cost of full time and part time paid labor to produce coffee, and opportunity cost for unpaid labor

    Permanent labor costs X

    Total cost of permanent labor in coffee production (USD)

    Short-term labor costs X

    Total cost of short-term labor in coffee production (USD)

    Family labor Opportunity Costs X

    Opportunity costs of labor in coffee production (USD)

    Fertilizer costs X

    Amount paid for fertilizers--synthetic and natural--used on coffee.

    Pesticide costs X

    Amount paid for insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides--synthetic and natural--that are used on coffee

    Planting or Renovation costs X

    Cost for seedlings, planting/grafting materials, etc. for coffee

    Deductions by buyer X

    Amount deducted by the buyer from coffee payments

    Energy X

    Costs for purchasing or producing energy for the farm related to cultivation, harvesting, or post-harvesting activities (electricity, gasoline, LPG, diesel, solar, wind, hydropower, wood from forests, prunings, managed woodlot, etc.)

    Irrigation & Water X

    Costs for renting, maintaining irrigation equipment; costs for water, if any

  • Indirect Costs
    Capital assets

    Assets fall into the following categories that are further sub-divided into classes based on size: 1. Cultivation (sprayers, machetes, nursery, irrigation, etc.) 2. Post-harvest (mill, storage, dryer) 3. Transport (trucks or other transportation equipment) 4. Management (computers or other office equipment) 5. Housing and/or medical clinic for workers

    Costs of credit X

    Total cost of credit - amount paid as interest

    Costs for use of land

    Amount paid as rent, sharecropping, mortgage, etc.

    Additional Cultivation practices

    Costs for necessary changes in cultivation practices e.g. contour planting, reforestation, conservation tillage, etc.

    Traceability and record keeping

    Costs incurred (besides labor) for record keeping and tracking inputs and practices

    Costs of standard or certification X

    Specific costs associated with obtaining the certificate and audit/inspection

    Training costs

    Training fees, time, and cost for travel

    Transportation X

    Covers two types of transportation costs: 1. Cost of the first stage of transportation that the farmer assumes for the crop to be sold and/or processed; 2. Cost of transportation related to labor or other inputs the farmer assumes

    Other Costs

    All normal fees associated with cooperative membership and with other services (e.g. storage or rental equipment) or medical and housing related services (e.g., food), or crop insurance not covered by other costs of production

Economic Suite (Full Suite)

  • Theme
  • Element
  • Indicator
  • Description

Producer Livelihoods

  • Revenue
    Coffee revenue

    Gross revenue from all sales of coffee

    Yield

    Total coffee harvested per hectare

    Price

    Average of sales price(s) received per unit of coffee; min and max prices received per unit of coffee

    Farm revenue

    Coffee revenue, other crop revenue, income from providing services (training, nurseries, land & equipment rental, etc.)

    Household revenue

    Combined revenue from coffee sales, other crops, other earnings (off farm employment, on-farm services provided, business revenue, and land & equipment rental), and gifts & remittances

  • Direct Costs
    Labor days

    Total days of paid and unpaid labor used to produce coffee

    Permanent labor

    Permanent labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Short-term labor

    Short-term labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Family labor

    Family labor in coffee production (worker-days)

    Labor costs

    Total cost of full time and part time paid labor to produce coffee, and opportunity cost for unpaid labor

    Permanent labor costs

    Total cost of permanent labor in coffee production

    Short-term labor costs

    Total cost of short-term labor in coffee production

    Family labor Opportunity Costs

    Opportunity costs of family labor in coffee production

    Fertilizer costs

    Amount paid for fertilizers--synthetic and natural--used on coffee

    Pesticide costs

    Amount paid for insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides--synthetic and natural--that are used on coffee

    Planting or Renovation costs

    Cost for seedlings, planting/grafting materials, bags, shade materials, etc. for coffee

    Deductions by buyer

    Amount deducted by the buyer from coffee payments

    Energy

    Costs for purchasing or producing energy for the farm related to the crop (electricity, gasoline, LPG, diesel, solar, wind, hydropower, wood from forests, prunings, managed woodlot, etc.)

    Irrigation

    Costs for operating, renting, maintaining irrigation equipment; costs for water, if any

  • Indirect Costs
    Capital assets

    Assets fall into the following categories: 1. Cultivation (sprayers, machetes, nursery, irrigation, etc.) 2. Post-harvest (mill, storage, dryer) 3. Transport (trucks or other transportation equipment) 4. management (computers or other office equipment) 5. Housing and/or medical services for workers

    Costs of credit

    Total cost of credit - amount paid as interest

    Costs for use of land

    Amount paid as rent, sharecropping, mortgage, etc.

    Additional Cultivation practices

    Costs for necessary changes in cultivation practices e.g. contour planting, reforestation, conservation tillage, etc.

    Traceability and record keeping

    Costs incurred (besides labor) for record keeping and tracking inputs and practices

    Costs of standard or certification

    Specific costs associated with obtaining the certificate and audit/inspection

    Training costs

    Training fees, time, and cost for travel

    Transportation

    Covers two types of transportation costs: 1. Cost of the first stage of transportation that the farmer assumes for the crop to be sold and/or processed; 2. Cost of transportation related to labor or other inputs the farmer assumes

    Other Costs

    All normal fees associated with cooperative membership and with other services (e.g. storage or rental equipment) or medical and housing related services (e.g., food) or crop insurance not covered by other costs of production

Risk(Economic Resilience)

  • Diversification
    Revenue from other crops

    Portion of total farm production revenue from other crops

    Area used for other crops

    Portion of cultivated farm area used for other crops

    Number of other crops or animal products

    Number of other crops (including those intercropped with coffee) or animal products (meat, dairy, wool, honey, etc.) produced on farm for sale or for consumption

    Other revenue (not production related)

    Farm revenue not related to production of crops or animal products including revenue from renting out land or equipment, services such as training, nurseries, etc.

  • Information
    Access to market information

    Market information the producer reports knowing (prices buyer receives, other local prices, global prices)

    Price transparency

    Producer's understanding of the factors that affect the price they receive for coffee (quality, consistency, variety, etc.)

  • Credit
    Access to credit

    Producer indicates that he or she could access medium sized production loan within a reasonable time, if needed; potential source of the loan

    Credit history

    Amount of credit received by a producer compared to the amount of credit requested (if any); terms of the loan, repayment history

  • Vulnerability
    Poverty status

    Comparison of household revenue to national or World Bank poverty line or Living Income Benchmark if available; PPI score evaluation of poverty propensity

    Minimum wage - producer

    Comparison of a producer's net income per labor day to minimum wage

    Insurance

    Producer has agricultural insurance policy in effect; terms of the policy

    Days without sufficient food

    Food security is consistent daily physical and economic access to sufficient, nutritious, satisfying food for all household members; Days without sufficient food tracks number of days in past year that any member of household cut food consumption due to lack of food and months/times of year of comparatively less household food security

    Gender income differences

    Total net income from coffee on farms managed by women compared to farms managed by men

    Next generation

    Participation by younger adults in decision making, training, and producer organizations associated with the coffee

    Profit and loss

    Producer's awareness of profit or loss from coffee production and sales

Competitiveness

  • Business Development
    Access to market information

    Market information the producer reports knowing (price buyer receives, other local prices, global prices)

    Price transparency

    Producer's understanding of the factors that affect the price they receive for coffee (quality, consistency, variety)

    Farm price to global reference price ratio

    Comparison of price paid to producer for coffee to global reference price

    Quality awareness

    Producer's awareness of the quality characteristics of the coffee

    Record keeping

    Producer keeps records of costs and production data

    Business sustainability

    Strength of producer's forecasting that he or she will remain a professional coffee producer; strength of indication that producer would be happy if his or her children chose to become professional coffee producers

  • Differentiation
    Practices for product quality in harvesting and processing

    Specific product quality practices used by producer for harvesting and processing coffee

    Product quality

    Key quality measures for coffee

    Control of certification or standard

    Who owns the certificate or verification of standard compliance (producer, buyer, producer organization, etc.)

    Current standards and certifications

    Number of current certifications or standards the farm holds

    Price premium

    Premium paid or value delivered for meeting a quality standard or a certification

    Crop sold with a standard or as certified

    Portion of total coffee produced that is sold with a standard or as certified

  • Efficiency
    Production/labor (technical) efficiency

    Quantity of coffee produced per unit of input: fertilizer, pesticide, paid labor day, unpaid labor day

    Cost (economic) efficiency

    Revenue from sales of coffee per unit cost of input: fertilizer, pesticide, paid labor day, unpaid labor day

Producer Organization

  • Governance
    Women's participation in organization

    Intensity of women's participation in producer organization indicated by number of ways they participate (participate in meetings, vote, serve as delegate, hold executive post)

    Producer perception of organization's value

    Producer's perceptions of the value obtained from specific producer organization services (marketing/price negotiation; physical services: cleaning, grading, storage, etc.; and trainings coordinated by producer organization)

  • Services
    Financial services

    Credit or other funding (advance on inputs or grants) available through the producer organization

    Production and post-harvest services

    Market information, marketing support, extension services, and processing available from producer organization to producer

    Community services

    Community projects coordinated through a producer organization that someone from the farm was involved in (improvements in: agricultural facilities, access to water or sewage, medical care, road or school construction, etc.)

Perception

  • Economic Situation
    Producer opinions on economic situation

    Producer's opinion of their overall economic situation

    Business development training

    Producer's opinion on the value of business development training programs: general perception of usefulness and indication of specific practices implemented as a direct result of training